Ingredients

Universal antioxidant soluble in both water and fat; chelates metal ions and regenerates vitamins C and E and glutathione; may …

Carotenoid antioxidant that spans the full width of cell membranes, providing both internal and external free radical scavenging; 6,000x more …

Lipid-soluble antioxidant and mitochondrial electron transport chain cofactor; skin CoQ10 levels decline significantly with age and UV exposure; oral supplementation …

Tripeptide (glutamate-cysteine-glycine) serving as the body's master antioxidant; inhibits tyrosinase and shifts melanogenesis from eumelanin (dark) to pheomelanin (light); detoxifies …

Polyphenol stilbene that activates SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) longevity pathways; inhibits tyrosinase to reduce melanogenesis; suppresses NF-kB and COX-2 inflammatory cascades; …

Hydrolyzed collagen provides bioactive peptides (primarily Pro-Hyp and Hyp-Gly) that stimulate fibroblast proliferation and upregulate endogenous type I and type …

Structural protein responsible for skin elasticity and resilience; oral elastin-derived peptides may stimulate fibroblast elastin synthesis and tropoelastin production, supporting …

Glycosaminoglycan that retains up to 1,000x its weight in water, supporting dermal hydration; oral supplementation increases circulating hyaluronic acid fragments …

Structural protein providing mechanical strength to hair, skin, and nails; solubilized keratin supplements provide cysteine-rich peptides that may support endogenous …

Richest botanical source of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 20-26%); metabolized to DGLA and anti-inflammatory prostaglandin E1; supports skin barrier lipid integrity …

Sphingolipids comprising approximately 50% of stratum corneum lipids; form the 'mortar' between corneocyte 'bricks' in the skin barrier; oral phytoceramides …

Rich source of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA, 7-14%), an omega-6 fatty acid metabolized to anti-inflammatory dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) and prostaglandin E1; …

EPA and DHA are incorporated into skin cell membranes, modulating inflammatory eicosanoid production; compete with pro-inflammatory omega-6 arachidonic acid for …

Gel from Aloe barbadensis leaves contains acemannan polysaccharides, anthraquinones, and vitamins that stimulate fibroblast proliferation, support wound healing, modulate inflammatory …

Rich source of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) that bind and stabilize collagen and elastin fibers; potent free radical scavenger with 20x …

Rich in catechin polyphenols, particularly epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG); potent antioxidant that inhibits UV-induced MMP expression, reduces NF-kB activation, may protect against …

Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, reducing conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT); DHT stimulates sebaceous gland activity, so reduced DHT levels may …

Active polyphenol curcumin inhibits NF-kB, AP-1, and STAT3 inflammatory signaling pathways; modulates COX-2 and LOX enzymes; may inhibit tyrosinase for …

Essential cofactor for lysyl oxidase (collagen/elastin cross-linking), tyrosinase (melanin synthesis), superoxide dismutase (antioxidant defense), and cytochrome c oxidase (mitochondrial energy); …

Essential trace mineral incorporated into selenoproteins (glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductases) that protect skin cells from oxidative damage; supports thyroid hormone …

Trace mineral involved in collagen cross-linking and glycosaminoglycan synthesis; supports connective tissue formation by activating prolyl hydroxylase; choline-stabilized orthosilicic acid …

Essential trace mineral required for over 300 enzymes; supports keratinocyte proliferation, wound healing, and immune function in skin; cofactor for …

Precursor to glutathione (the body's master antioxidant); provides cysteine for glutathione synthesis; directly scavenges reactive oxygen species; mucolytic properties; may …

Precursor to coenzyme A (CoA), essential for fatty acid synthesis and metabolism; supports skin barrier lipid production; high-dose supplementation may …

Fat-soluble vitamin essential for blood coagulation (carboxylation of clotting factors); may support skin healing and reduce bruising; vitamin K-dependent proteins …

Supports gut mucosal barrier function by increasing tight junction protein expression; modulates systemic immune responses through dendritic cell education; may …

Produces antimicrobial bacteriocins; supports intestinal barrier function by upregulating tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin); modulates skin immune responses through gut-skin …

Modulates the gut-skin axis by supporting intestinal barrier integrity, reducing systemic endotoxin translocation, downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13), and influencing …

Organic sulfur compound providing bioavailable sulfur for disulfide bond formation in keratin, collagen, and elastin; supports glutathione synthesis; modulates NF-kB …

Amide form of vitamin B3 (distinct from niacinamide in dosing context); replenishes cellular NAD+ depleted by UV-induced PARP activation; enhances …

Standardized French maritime pine bark extract rich in procyanidins, catechins, and phenolic acids; binds and protects collagen and elastin from …

Tropical fern extract rich in phenolic compounds that reduce UV-induced oxidative stress; inhibits MMP-1 expression; suppresses UV-mediated COX-2 and AP-1 …

Water-soluble B-vitamin (B7) serving as a cofactor for carboxylase enzymes essential for fatty acid synthesis and amino acid metabolism; supports …

Amide form of vitamin B3 that supports NAD+/NADH coenzyme production; strengthens the epidermal lipid barrier by stimulating ceramide and fatty …

Binds retinoic acid receptors (RARs) in skin cells to regulate keratinocyte differentiation, stimulate epidermal turnover, upregulate collagen gene expression, and …

Essential cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase enzymes required for collagen cross-linking and stabilization; potent antioxidant that neutralizes UV-generated reactive …

Secosteroid hormone produced in skin via UVB exposure; regulates keratinocyte differentiation, supports antimicrobial peptide (cathelicidin) production, modulates immune responses in …

Fat-soluble antioxidant that accumulates in cell membranes and protects polyunsaturated fatty acids from lipid peroxidation; supports skin barrier function by …