Mechanisms of Action
Urea Cycle
A metabolic pathway that converts toxic ammonia into urea for excretion by the kidneys.
The urea cycle is a series of biochemical reactions occurring primarily in liver cells that convert ammonia (a toxic byproduct of protein metabolism) into urea, which is then excreted by the kidneys. The cycle involves five enzymes and several intermediates including ornithine, citrulline, and argininosuccinate. In supplement research, the urea cycle is relevant because L-ornithine (a cycle intermediate) supplementation may enhance ammonia detoxification, reduce cortisol, and improve sleep quality. Elevated blood ammonia can cause fatigue, cognitive impairment, and sleep disruption. The cycle connects amino acid metabolism to energy production and neurological function.