Mechanisms of Action
GABA
GABA
The brain's primary inhibitory neurotransmitter, promoting calm and sleep.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It reduces neuronal excitability by binding to GABA-A and GABA-B receptors, producing calming, anxiolytic, and sleep-promoting effects. Many supplements influence GABAergic signaling: magnesium glycinate is a GABA-A receptor modulator, L-theanine increases GABA production, and valerian root may inhibit GABA reuptake. Pharmaceutical sleep aids (benzodiazepines, Z-drugs) also work through GABA-A receptors but carry dependency risks.